James William Fyles

Membre associé
Pédologie

Professeur à la retraite
Université McGill
Macdonald-Stewart Building
Department of Natural Resource Sciences
21111 Lakeshore Road
Ste. Anne de Bellevue (Quebec) Canada, H9X 3V9

(514) 398-7758

Page départementale 

FORMATION

• Ph.D. en botanique et sciences des sols, 1986 (University of Alberta)
• M.Sc. en écologie, 1980 (University of Victoria)
• B.Sc. en biologie, 1976 (University of Victoria)

BIOGRAPHIE

Since 1988, Dr. Fyles has been a professor the Department of Natural Resource Sciences where he holds the Tomlinson Chair in Forest Ecology. He was one of the primary developers of the McGill School of Environment and has served as the Director of the School. He is the Director of the Molson Nature Reserve and the Morgan Arboretum, peri-urban conservation and research areas near the Macdonald Campus. Between 2004 and 2010 he was the Scientific Director of the Sustainable Forest Management Network Centre of Excellence, a national research network involving partners from industry, governments, Aboriginal groups and non-governmental organizations working on projects with researchers at thirty-five universities.

THÈMES DE RECHERCHE

For many years my research has been oriented to understanding the role of plant species in determing ecosystem processes, particularly those controlling nutrient flux through the soil.

Much of this work has revolved around understanding the behaviour of organic residues in the forest floor and soil, along with their influence on microbial activity and nitrogen mineralization. We have also studied whole-system nutrient cycling in hardwood forests, the effects of clearcutting vs fire on soil nutrients and interactions between Kalmia and black spruce in boreal forests, as well as the behaviour of various organic wastes in agricultural and forest soils.

Currently we are exploring spatial pattern and the role of scale in agricultural and forest systems, and we are working with a network of researchers across Canada on developing nutritional indicators of future productivity.

PUBLICATIONS

Livres

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Chapitres de livre

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Livres, numéros spéciaux et actes de colloques publiés à titre d'éditeur

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Articles révisés par un comité de lecture

1. Whitbeck, K.L., Oetter, D.R., Perry, D.A., Fyles, J.W. (2016) Interactions between macroclimate, microclimate, and anthropogenic disturbance affect the distribution of aspen near its northern edge in Quebec: Implications for climate change related range expansions. Forest Ecology and Management, 368:194-206
2. Bona, K.A., Shaw, C.H., Fyles, J.W., Kurz, W.A. (2016) Modelling moss-derived carbon in upland black spruce forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 46(4):520-534
3. Shaw, C.H., Bona, K.A., Kurz, W.A., Fyles, J.W. (2015) The importance of tree species and soil taxonomy to modeling forest soil carbon stocks in Canada. Geoderma Regional, 4:114-125
4. Frei, B., Fyles, J.W., Berl, J.L., Edwards, J.W., Nocera, J.J. (2015) Low fecundity of red-headed woodpeckers (Melanerpes erythrocephalus) at the Northern edge of the range. Wilson Journal of Ornithology, 127(4):639-645
5. Ker, K., Seguin, P., Driscoll, B.T., Fyles, J.W., Smith, D.L. (2014) Evidence for enhanced N availability during switchgrass establishment and seeding year production following inoculation with rhizosphere endophytes. Archives of Agronomy and Soil Science, 60(11):1553-1563
6. Ker, K., Seguin, P., Driscoll, B.T., Fyles, J.W., Smith, D.L. (2014) Switchgrass establishment and seeding year production can be improved by inoculation with rhizosphere endophytes. Biomass and Bioenergy, 47:295-301
7. Rene, W., Cote, B., Camire, C., Burgess, M., Fyles, J.W. (2013) Development and application of CVA, DRIS, and CND norms for three hybrids of populus maximowiczii planted in southern Quebec. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 36(1):118-142
8. Bona, K.A., Fyles, J.W., Shaw, C., Kurz, W.A. (2013) Are Mosses Required to Accurately Predict Upland Black Spruce Forest Soil Carbon in National-Scale Forest C Accounting Models? Ecosystems, 16(6):1071-1086
9. Frei, B., Fyles, J.W., Nocera, J.J. (2013) Maladaptive Habitat Use of a North American Woodpecker in Population Decline. Ethology, 119(5):377-388
10. Dabros, A., Fyles, J.W. (2010) Effects of open-top chambers and substrate type on biogeochemical processes at disturbed boreal forest sites in northwestern Quebec. Plant and Soil, 327(1):465-479
11. Diner, B., Berteaux, D., Fyles, J.W., Lindroth, R.L. (2009) Behavioral archives link the chemistry and clonal structure of trembling aspen to the food choice of North American porcupine. Oecologia, 160(4):687-695
12. Nault, J.R., Preston, C.M., Trofymow, J.A.T., Fyles, J.W., Kozak, L., Siltanen, M., Titus, B. (2009) Applicability of diffuse reflectance fourier transform infrared spectroscopy to the chemical analysis of decomposing foliar litter in canadian forests. Soil Science, 174(3):130-142
13. Pelletier, B., Dutilleul, P., Larocque, G., Fyles, J.W. (2009) Coregionalization analysis with a drift for multi-scale assessment of spatial relationships between ecological variables 2. Estimation of correlations and coefficients of determination. Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 16(4):467-494
14. Pelletier, B., Dutilleul, P., Larocque, G., Fyles, J.W. (2009) Coregionalization analysis with a drift for multi-scale assessment of spatial relationships between ecological variables 1. Estimation of drift and random components. Environmental and Ecological Statistics, 16(4):439-466
15. Bona, K.A., Burgess, M.S., Fyles, J.W., Camiré, C., Dutilleul, P. (2008) Weed cover in hybrid poplar (Populus) plantations on Quebec forest soils under different lime treatments. Forest Ecology and Management, 255(7):2761-2770
16. Larocque, G., Dutilleul, P., Pelletier, B., Fyles, J.W. (2007) Characterization and quantification of uncertainty in coregionalization analysis. Mathematical Geology, 39(3):263-288
17. Quesnel, P.O., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W., Munson, A.D. (2006) Optimum nutrient concentrations and CND scores of mature white spruce determined using a boundary-line approach and spatial variation of tree growth and nutrition. Journal of Plant Nutrition, 29(11):1999-2018
18. Larocque, G., Dutilleul, P., Pelletier, B., Fyles, J.W. (2006) Conditional Gaussian co-simulation of regionalized components of soil variation. Geoderma, 134(1-2):1-16
19. Moore, T.R., Trofymow, J.A., Prescott, C.E., Fyles, J.W., Titus, B.D. (2006) Patterns of carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus dynamics in decomposing foliar litter in Canadian forests. Ecosystems, 9(1):46-62
20. Bonneville, M.C., Fyles, J.W. (2006) Assessing variations in SPAD-502 chlorophyll meter measurements and their relationships with nutrient content of trembling aspen foliage. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 37(3-4):525-539
21. Courchesne, F., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W., Hendershot, W.H., Biron, P.M., Roy, A.G., Turmel, M.C. (2005) Recent changes in soil chemistry in a forested ecosystem of Southern Quebec, Canada. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 69(4):1298-1313
22. Belanger, N., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W., Courchesne, F., Hendershot, W.H. (2004) Forest regrowth as the controlling factor of soil nutrient availability 75 years after fire in a deciduous forest of Southern Quebec. Plant and Soil, 262(1-2):363-372
23. Pelletier, B., Dutilleul, P., Larocque, G., Fyles, J.W. (2004) Fitting the linear model of coregionalization by generalized least squares. Mathematical Geology, 36(3):323-344
24. Cote, B., Belanger, N., Courchesne, F., Fyles, J.W., Hendershot, W.H. (2003) A cyclical but asynchronous pattern of fine root and woody biomass production in a hardwood forest of southern Quebec and its relationships with annual variation of temperature and nutrient availability. Plant and Soil, 250(1):49-57
25. Belanger, N., Courchesne, F., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W., Warfvinge, P., Hendershot, W.H. (2002) Simulation of soil chemistry and nutrient availability in a forested ecosytem of southern Quebec. Part II. Application of the SAFE model. Environmental Modelling and Software, 17(5):447-465
26. Belanger, N., Cote, B., Courchesne, F., Fyles, J.W., Warfvinge, P., Hendershot, W.H. (2002) Simulation of soil chemistry and nutrient availability in a forested ecosystem of southern Quebec. Part I. Reconstruction of the time-series files of nutrient cycling using the Makedep model. Environmental Modelling and Software, 17(5):427-445
27. Cote, B., Fyles, J.W., Djalilvand, H. (2002) Decreasing N and P resorption efficiency and proficiency in northern deciduous hardwoods with decreasing foliar N and P concentrations. Annals of Forest Science, 59(3):275-281
28. Trofymow, J.A., Moore, T.R., Titus, B., Prescott, C., Morrison, I., Siltanen, M., Smith, S., Fyles, J.W., Wein, R., Camire, C. et al. (2002) Rates of litter decomposition over 6 years in Canadian forests: Influence of litter quality and climate. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(5):789-804
29. Yamasaki, S.H., Fyles, J.W., Titus, B.D. (2002) Interactions among Kalmia angustifolia, soil characteristics, and the growth and nutrition of black spruce seedlings in two boreal Newfoundland plantations of contrasting fertility. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 32(12):2215-2224
30. Courchesne, F., Roy, A.G., Biron, P.M., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W., Hendershot, W.H. (2001) Fluctuations of climatic conditions, elemental cycling and forest growth at ther watershed scale. Environmental Monitoring and Assessment, 67(1-2):161-177
31. Simard, D.G., Fyles, J.W., Pare, D., Nguyen, T. (2001) Impacts of clearcut harvesting and wildfire on soil nutrient status in the Quebec boreal forest. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 81(2):229-237
32. Zan, C.S., Fyles, J.W., Girouard, P., Samson, R.A. (2001) Carbon sequestration in perennial bioenergy, annual corn and uncultivated systems in southern Quebec. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 86(2):135-144
33. Nguyen-Xuan, T., Bergeron, Y., Simard, D., Fyles, J.W., Pare, D. (2000) The importance of forest floor disturbance in the early regeneration patterns of the boreal forest of western and central quebec: A wildfire versus logging comparison. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 30(9):1353-1364
34. Côté, L., Brown, S., Pare, D., Fyles, J.W., Bauhus, J. (2000) Dynamics of carbon and nitrogen mineralization in relation to stand type, stand age and soil texture in the boreal mixedwood. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 32(8-9):1079-1090
35. Biron, P.M., Roy, A.G., Courschesne, F., Hendershot, W.H., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W. (1999) The effects of antecedent moisture conditions on the relationship of hydrology to hydrochemistry in a small forested watershed. Hydrological Processes, 13(11):1541-1555
36. Subair, S., Fyles, J.W., O'Halloran, I.P. (1999) Ammonia volatilization from liquid hog manure amended with paper products in the laboratory. Journal of Environmental Quality, 28(1):202-207
37. Moore, T.R., Trofymow, J.A., Taylor, B., Prescott, C., Camire, C., Duschene, L., Fyles, J.W., Kozak, L., Kranabetter, M., Morrison, I. et al. (1999) Litter decomposition rates in Canadian forests. Global Change Biology, 5(1):75-82
38. Pelletier, B., Fyles, J.W., Dutilleul, P. (1999) Tree species control and spatial structure of forest floor properties in a mixed-species stand. Ecoscience, 6(1):79-91
39. Cote, B., Hendershot, W.H., Fyles, J.W., Roy, A.G., Bradley, R.L., Biron, P.M., Courchesne, F. (1998) The phenology of fine root growth in a maple-dominated ecosystem: Relationships with some soil properties. Plant and Soil, 201(1):59-69
40. Yamasaki, S.H., Fyles, J.W., Egger, K.N., Titus, B.D. (1998) The effect of Kalmia angustifolia on the growth, nutrition, and ectomycorrhizal symbiont community of black spruce. Forest Ecology and Management, 105(1-3):197-207
41. Au, W., Fyles, J.W., Cote, B. (1998) Microbial biomass respiration response to added carbon and nitrogen as an indicator of nitrogen availability in forest soils. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 78(4):607-610
42. Kabir, Z., O'Halloran, I.P., Fyles, J.W., Hamel, C. (1998) Dynamics of the mycorrhizal symbiosis of corn (Zea mays L.): Effects of host physiology, tillage practice and fertilization on spatial distribution of extra-radical mycorrhizal hyphae in the field. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 68(1-2):151-163
43. Bradley, R.L., Fyles, J.W., Titus, B. (1997) Interactions between Kalmia humus quality and chronic low C inputs in controlling microbial and soil nutrient dynamics. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 29(8):1275-1283
44. Bradley, R.L., Titus, B.D., Fyles, J.W. (1997) Nitrogen acquisition and competitive ability of Kalmia angustifolia L., paper birch (Betula papyrifera Marsh.) and black spruce (Picea mariana (Mill.) B.S.P.) seedlings grown on different humus forms. Plant and Soil, 195(2):209-220
45. Kabir, Z., O'Halloran, I.P., Fyles, J.W., Hamel, C. (1997) Seasonal changes of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi as affected by tillage practices and fertilization: Hyphal density and mycorrhizal root colonization. Plant and Soil, 192(2):285-293
46. Bradley, R.L., Fyles, J.W. (1996) Method to avoid isotope discrimination during the diffusion of NH4/+ from 15N-labelled soil extracts. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 28(4-5):695-697
47. Bradley, R.L., Fyles, J.W. (1996) Interactions between tree seedling roots and humus forms in the control of soil C and N cycling. Biology and Fertility of Soils, 23(1):70-79
48. Pilon, C. E., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W. (1996) Effect of an artificially induced drought on leaf peroxidase activity, mineral nutrition and growth of sugar maple. Plant and Soil, 179(2):151-158
49. Bradley, R.L., Fyles, J.W. (1995) Growth of paper birch (Betula papyrifera) seedlings increases soil available C and microbial acquisition of soil-nutrients. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27(12):1565-1571
50. Bradley, R.L., Fyles, J.W. (1995) A kinetic parameter describing soil available carbon and its relationship to rate increase in C mineralization. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 27(2):167-172
51. Xie, X.H., Mackenzie, A.F., Xie, R.J., Fyles, J.W., O'Halloran, I.P. (1995) Effects of ammonium lignosulphonate and diammonium phosphate on soil organic carbon, soil phosphorus fractions and phosphorus uptake by corn. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 75(2):233-238
52. Liu, G.E., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W. (1994) Effects of base cation fertilization on the nutrient status, free amino acids and some carbon fractions of the leaves of sugar maple (Acer saccharum Marsh.). Plant and Soil, 160(1):79-86
53. Pilon, C.E., Cote, B., Fyles, J.W. (1994) Effect of snow removal on leaf water potential, soil moisture, leaf and soil nutrient status and leaf peroxidase activity of sugar maple. Plant and Soil, 162(1):81-88
54. Cote, B., Fyles, J.W. (1994) Leaf litter disappearance of hardwood species of southern Quebec: interaction between litter quality and stand type. Ecoscience, 1(4):322-328
55. Cote, B., Fyles, J.W. (1994) Nutrient concentration and acid-base status of leaf litter of tree species characteristic of the hardwood forest of southern Quebec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24(1):192-196
56. Al-Kanani, T., MacKenzie, A.F., Fyles, J.W., Ghazala, S., O'Halloran, I.P. (1994) Ammonia volatilization from urea amended with lignosulfonate and phosphoroamide. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 58(1):244-248
57. Xie, R.J., MacKenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, L.P., Fyles, J.W. (1994) Concurrent transformation of lignosulfonate carbon and urea nitrogen in clay soil. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 58(3):824-828
58. Xie, R.J., Fyles, J.W., MacKenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, I.P. (1994) Developing your own automated leaching column system for studying solute transport in clay soil. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Environmental Science and Engineering, 29(4):701-711
59. Xie, R.J., Fyles, J.W., MacKenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, I.P. (1994) Simulating the effect of adsorption parameters on decontamination in a fully stirred reactor system: Mass balance approach. Journal of Environmental Science and Health - Part A Environmental Science and Engineering, 29(5):983-1004
60. Fyles, J.W., Cote, B. (1994) Forest floor and soil nutrient status under Norway spruce and red pine in a plantation in southern Quebec. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 74(4):387-392
61. Lukumbuzya, T.K., Fyles, J.W., Cote, B. (1994) Effects of base-cation fertilization on litter decomposition in a sugar maple forest in southern Quebec. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24(3):447-452
62. Fyles, J.W., Cote, B., Courchesne, F., Hendershot, W.H., Savoie, S. (1994) Effects of base cation fertilization on soil and foliage nutrient concentrations, and litter-fall and throughfall nutrient fluxes in a sugar maple forest. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 24(3):542-549
63. Xie, R.J., Meier, J., Fyles, J.W., Mackenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, I.P., Russell, E. (1993) Effects of calcium lignosulphonates on urea hydrolysis and nitrification in soil. Soil Science, 156(4):278-285
64. Xie, R.J., MacKenzie, A.F., Fyles, J.W., O'Halloran, I.P. (1993) Assessing energy of phosphate adsorption and desorption using an integrated Gibbs equation. Geoderma, 59(1-4):289-310
65. Meier, J.N., Fyles, J.W., Mackenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, I.P. (1993) Effects of lignosulfonate-fertilizer applications on soil respiration and nitrogen dynamics. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 73(2):233-242
66. Xie, R.J., O'Halloran, I.P., Mackenzie, A.F., Fyles, J.W. (1993) Phosphate sorption and desorption as affected by addition sequences of ammonium lignosulphonate and diammonium phosphate in a clay soil. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 73(2):275-285
67. Fyles, J.W., Fyles, I.H. (1993) Interaction of Douglas-fir with red alder and salal foliage litter during decomposition. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 23(3):358-361
68. Fyles, J.W., Bradley, R.L. (1992) A Self-Maintaining System for Long-Term Soil Incubations with the Capability for Repeated Estimation of Microbial Biomass. Soil Biology and Biochemistry, 24(7):721-723
69. Xie, R.J., Fyles, J.W., Mackenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, I.P. (1991) Lignosulfonate effects on phosphate reactions in a clay soil: causal modeling. Soil Science Society of America Journal, 55(3):711-716
70. Xie, R.J., Fyles, J.W., Mackenzie, A.F., O'Halloran, I.P. (1991) Effects of calcium lignosulphonate on Mehlich-III extractable calcium, magnesium, and potassium quantity-intensity relationship in the soil with or without potassium dihydrogen phosphate. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 22(11-12):1179-1193
71. Fyles, J.W., Fyles, I.H., Beese, W.J., Feller, M.C. (1991) Forest floor characteristics and soil nitrogen availability on slash- burned sites in coastal British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21(10):1516-1522
72. Fyles, J.W., Fyles, I.H., Feller, M.C. (1991) Nitrogen mineralization characteristics of forest floor organic matter on slash-burned sites in coastal British Columbia. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 21(2):235-241
73. Hendershot, W.H., Fyles, J.W., Lawrence, M. (1990) Nutrient availability in FH horizon samples amended with fertilizer and lime. Communications in Soil Science and Plant Analysis, 21(11-12):933-939
74. Fyles, J.W., Fyles, I.H., Feller, M.C. (1990) Comparison of nitrogen mineralization in forest floor materials using aerobic and anaerobic incubation and bioassay techniques. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 70(1):73-81
75. Fyles, J.W. (1989) Seed bank populations in upland coniferous forests in central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Botany, 67(1):274-278
76. Fyles, J.W., McGill, W.B. (1988) Effects of vegetation on properties of sandy soils in central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Soil Science, 68(2):381-394
77. Fyles, J.W., McGill, W.B. (1987) Decomposition of boreal forest litters from central Alberta under laboratory conditions. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 17(2):109-114
78. Fyles, J.W., McGill, W.B. (1987) Nitrogen mineralization in forest soil profiles from central Alberta. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 17(3):242-249
79. Fyles, J.W., Bell, M.A.M. (1986) Vegetation colonizing river gravel bars in the Rocky Mountains of southeastern British Columbia. Northwest Science, 60(1):8-14
80. Fyles, J.W., La Roi, G.H., Ellis, R.A. (1986) Litter production in Pinus banksiana dominated stands in northern Alberta. Canadian Journal of Forest Research, 16(4):772-777
81. Fyles, J.W., Fyles, I.H., Bell, M.A.M. (1985) Vegetation and soil development on coal mine spoil at high elevation in the Canadian Rockies. Journal of Applied Ecology, 22(1):239-248

Articles publiés dans des actes de colloque (proceedings)

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Rapports scientifiques, manuels et autres

1. Rene, W., Camire, C., Fyles, J.W., Cote, B. (2008) Développement d’un logiciel pour le diagnostic de la nutrition de peupliers hybrides. Technical report

Thèses, mémoires et essais

1. Fyles, J.W. (1986) Interrelationships between vegetation, soil development and nitrogen and phosphorus cycling in upland coniferous forests near Hondo, Alberta. Thèse de doctorat, University of Alberta

Thèses, mémoires et essais supervisés

1. Larocque, G. (2009) Towards a coherent framework for the multi-scale analysis of spatial observational data : linking concepts, statistical tools and ecological understanding. Thèse de doctorat, McGill University
2. Dabros, A. (2009) ffects of simulated climate change on post-disturbance Populus tremuloides-Picea mariana ecosystems in northwestern Quebec. Thèse de doctorat, McGill University
3. Labrecque, J. (2009) Indicator species of soil nutrients and poplar plantation productivity in southeastern Quebec. Mémoire de maîtrise, McGill University
4. Caniquitte, S.S. (2008) Soil microbial community, soil aggregation and cropping system: study of their relationship. Thèse de doctorat, McGill University
5. Causse, V. (2006) The role of substrate characteristics in Populus tremuloides (MICHX.) seed germination in post-disturbance black spruce-feathermoss forest in northwestern Quebec. Mémoire de maîtrise, McGill University

Articles non révisés par un comité de lecture

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